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El peso de las mochilas de los niños - Comuna Mujer
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El peso de las mochilas de los niños

El peso de las mochilas de los niños
Estamos comenzando el año escolar y muchas familias tendrán que comprar una mochila nueva para los niños. El peso excesivo que la mayoría de los escolares cargan en sus enormes mochilas y por lo mismo, sobre sus hombros, está llevando a muchos de ellos a sufrir lesiones de espalda, debido al sobreesfuerzo y a la fatiga muscular.

A la hora de comprar a tu hijo una mochila nueva, considera el tamaño y el peso del niño. Según los expertos, las mochilas que los niños llevan cada día a clase, no deben superar el 15% de su peso, para evitar problemas de espalda. Es más, los médicos recomiendan que el peso de la mochila sea el 10% del peso del niño.

Para Avelino Ferrero, presidente del SERMEF (Servicio de Rehabilitación del Hospital Ramón y Cajal de Madrid), el problema no es la mochila, sino el peso que lleva el niño en ella. Explica que el peso produce una gran tracción y presión sobre la musculatura y las articulaciones, debido a la sobrecarga de la mochila. Ante esta situación, el experto recomienda que los padres hablen con los profesores, para evitar transportar a diario, tanto material escolar.

En cuanto a las mochilas de ruedas, que cuando salieron al mercado parecía ser una alternativa más adecuada, el especialista cree que tampoco es la solución más correcta. El tema está, en que los niños tiran de ellas, produciendo así un aumento de la curva de su espalda y provocando entonces, dolores. Lo ideal, según él, es que los niños no lleven más peso de lo recomendado.


Además de llevar el peso recomendado por los especialistas, se deberían tener en cuenta otros puntos que les detallamos a continuación.

Consejos prácticos

- Usar mochilas con correas anchas y acolchadas. El respaldo de éstas, también debería ser acolchado.

- Usar mochilas con ajustes firmes, procurando mantener la bolsa a unos 5 cm. sobre la cintura del niño.

- Llevar siempre la mochila por las dos correas y jamás por una sola. De esta forma, no estará sobrecargando solo uno de los hombros.

- Practicar algún deporte o ejercicio, para fortalecer los músculos de la espalda.

- Organizar la mochila, poniendo los libros más pesados cerca y pegados a la espalda.

- Es más recomendable, el uso de mochilas con ruedas.

- En el caso de optar por ellas, procurar que el niño mantenga la columna recta y no curvada.

- En el caso que el niño tenga que transportar mucho material, llevar parte del peso en las manos.

- Limitar el peso del contenido y evitar transportar cargas inútiles. Si la mochila es muy pesada, el niño se ve obligado a arquear hacia adelante la columna vertebral y la cabeza, al igual que el tronco, para de esta forma, compensar el peso.

- Utilizar las dos manos para recoger la mochila, doblar las rodillas e inclinarse para levantarla.

- No transportar la mochila con mucho peso por más de quince minutos. En este sentido, la fiscalización de los padres es esencial y más que necesaria… y la colaboración de los profesores, también.

Quita el peso de la espalda

El exceso de peso en las mochilas es un grave problema, porque genera consecuencias irreversibles y a largo plazo para los niños. Puede provocar: desde una escoliosis infantil, hasta una cifosis o una artrosis precoz; además de una mala postura. Puede, en algunos casos, hasta impedir el crecimiento de los huesos de los niños.

El doctor Francisco Kovacs, advierte que otro de los factores a tener en cuenta, es la actividad física. Resalta que el sedentarismo es malo y hace hincapié en que los niños desarrollen una actividad física o deporte, de forma regular y adecuada; además de evitar estar todo el día sentados.

Sería recomendable, además, observar si el mobiliario escolar es adecuado a la altura que tenga el niño, para evitar la mala postura, que es otro factor que perjudica la espalda de los escolares.


Recuerde alentar a su hijo a diario, a usar su mochila de forma adecuada.
 

Por este y otros temas, no dudes en consultarme.


Claudia Arias
Ingeniero en Prevención de Riesgos
Celular: 7 762 2197
claudiariasa@gmail.com
arias.prevencionista@gmail.com


Asesorías en Prevención de Riesgos de Accidentes
Talleres de Autocuidado
Asesorías para Jardines Infantiles y Colegios

Comentarios (2)

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Comuna Mujer 31-03-2011

Gracias, Juana! Muchos saludos para ti.

juana 30-03-2011

muy útil y de actualidad

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