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Valentina Tereshkova - Comuna Mujer
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Valentina Tereshkova

Valentina Tereshkova

En1963, Valentina Tereshkova se convirtió en la primera mujer cosmonauta (dos años después del primer hombre). Y no sólo eso: dio 48 vueltas alrededor de la Tierra durante tres días, algo que ningún astronauta había hecho. Eran años de guerra fría; sin embargo, la hazaña de Tereshkova, conocida en el mundo como la dama del espacio, ha logrado permanecer, a pesar del tiempo y de la falta de reflectores.

Sus comienzos y la hazaña

Valentina, nació en marzo de 1937 en una familia campesina con tan pocos recursos que la niña asistió a la escuela por primera vez a la edad de 10 años, cuando se trasladó a Volga de Yaroslavl. Siendo una adolescente trabajó como obrera en una fábrica de telas y por las noches estudiaba la secundaria. Valya, como le decían de cariño, era una chica sana, deportista y muy audaz, tanto, que practicaba el paracaidismo en un club aéreo de aficionados.

En diciembre de 1961, una comisión que recorría los clubes con el objeto de seleccionar paracaidistas que prepararía para los vuelos espaciales la eligió, a pesar de que era más joven que otros aspirantes y poseía menos experiencia... y de que era mujer. Sus dotes para el paracaidismo y su extraordinaria resistencia física durante los entrenamientos impresionaron.

Valya aceptó y comenzó a estudiar matemáticas, meteorología, astronomía, física, computación y navegación espacial, y se sometió al entrenamiento físico -el obstáculo más duro- para habituarse a la ausencia de gravedad en el espacio, así como en la práctica de diversos tipos de actividades y en la manipulación de aparatos.

Cada jornada laboral comenzaba a las nueve de la mañana. Un grupo de chicas que vivía en el Centro de Preparación de Cosmonautas, prolongaba su preparación más allá de las 15 horas de clases; "mientras ellos se iban a descansar, continuábamos con la preparación física y con especialistas de institutos académicos que nos dictaban charlas. Las aspirantes a cosmonautas "girábamos por diez', como denominábamos a las diez unidades de sobrecarga; tu peso de 60 kilos se convertía en 600 en la centrífuga".

El 16 de junio de 1963, a las 12 horas y 30 minutos, Vostok-6 despegó del cosmódromo tripulado por Valentina, de 26 años, quien tenía como señal la gaviota (chaika, en ruso).

Su primer mensaje fue: "Aquí Gaviota. Veo el horizonte, una banda azul claro. Ahí está la Tierra, ¡qué hermosa es! Todo marcha espléndidamente". Valentina condujo la nave durante 71 horas, es decir, tres días, suficientes para superar en 50% el tiempo general sumado de todos los astronautas norteamericanos que habían circunvolado el planeta.

Además de controlar la nave, Valentina estaba atenta al comportamiento del organismo femenino en vuelo espacial. De hecho, existía un programa de largo plazo en el que participarían más mujeres cosmonautas, e incluso una tripulación femenina se preparaba ya para volar en una nave de tres plazas. Sin embargo, el proyecto fue suspendido y, muy a la usanza de los entonces dirigentes de la URSS, el asunto se rodeó de silencio hasta caer en el olvido. Hoy se dice que los resultados no convencieron como para continuar con esto; seguramente hubo otras prioridades y las mujeres decidieron aguardar.

Pasarían 20 años para que otra mujer repitiera esa hazaña: en agosto de 1982 otra rusa, Svetlana Savitskaja, viajó en la nave Soyuz T-7.

Mucho más por hacer

Cinco meses después de su histórica misión se casó con el astronauta Andrian Nikolaiev, con quien procreó una hija. La "bebé espacial" fue sometida a numerosos exámenes, dado que sus padres eran astronautas, pero finalmente se comprobó que era normal. Mucho se ha hablado también que el matrimonio fue decidido por el dirigente soviético de entonces, Nikita Kruschov, a quien se le antojó armar un "matrimonio cósmico". Aunque Valentina nunca ha dicho nada al respecto, años más tarde sobrevino el divorcio.

Después del vuelo, Tereshkova fue nombrada héroe de la URSS" -que debiera ser "heroína" por mínimo respeto al género- y distinguida con la Orden de Lenin. Siguió adscrita al programa espacial; obtuvo rangos militares hasta llegar a general mayor, y se graduó doctora en Ciencias Técnicas y Sociales.

Más adelante encabezó numerosas organizaciones en su país, desde el Comité de Mujeres Soviéticas, hasta el Centro Nacional de Cooperación Internacional y Cultural, adjunto al gobierno de Rusia, y ocupó diversos cargos.

Después de cumplir los 60 años, Valentina dejó el destacamento de cosmonautas y ha recibido condecoraciones superiores por parte de muchos países del mundo. Recientemente fue distinguida por una asociación internacional de Londres como "La mujer del siglo XX".

Si bien se conoce muy poco de la vida privada de Valentina, lo cierto es que mientras los astronautas varones gozan de fama, escriben libros, entran y salen de clínicas para superar su alcoholismo, y dan entrevistas sobre sus glorias pasadas, ella continúa mostrando resistencia y tenacidad en el trabajo diario como defensora de la causa feminista.

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Comuna Mujer 20-06-2014

;)

Violeta 19-06-2014

VALENTINA!!!!!

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