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Consejos para prevenir el dolor de espalda - Comuna Mujer
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Consejos para prevenir el dolor de espalda

Consejos para prevenir el dolor de espalda
El dolor de espalda afecta a la mayoría de las personas en algún momento de sus vidas y es uno de los motivos más comunes de consulta al médico.  

Para prevenir el dolor y posponer la aparición de problemas de columna y discos, es posible tomar acción directa hoy sobre el cuidado de su espalda.

¿A quién le da dolor de espalda?

Hay diferentes tipos de dolor de espalda: puede sentirse como un dolor sordo, constante o un dolor punzante repentino. 
Hable con su médico si tiene síntomas de problemas de espalda (más detalles debajo).

¿Cuál es la diferencia entre el dolor de espalda agudo y crónico? 

Al dolor de espalda que dura menos de seis semanas, se le llama dolor agudo. Las causas pueden ser un accidente, una caída o puede aparecer por haber levantado algo demasiado pesado. 

Por lo general, dura de unos días a unas pocas semanas y se mejora sin ningún tratamiento. 

El dolor de espalda que dura más de tres meses, se llama crónico. Este dolor es mucho menos frecuente que el dolor de espalda agudo. La mayoría de las causas del dolor de espalda crónico, se pueden tratar sin cirugía.

Mucha gente se lesiona la espalda en el trabajo al levantar, empujar o tirar de algo demasiado pesado. Las personas también pueden estar en riesgo de tener dolor de espalda si:

• son mayores
• mantienen una mala postura (permanece de pie o sentada sin tener la espalda recta)
• no están físicamente activos
• tienen sobrepeso
• experimentan caídas o sufren un accidente
• tienen un problema de salud que causa el dolor de espalda (como la artritis o el cáncer)
• son fumadores

Síntomas de dolor de espalda que motivan la consulta médica:

• entumecimiento u hormigueo
• dolor severo que no mejora con el descanso
• dolor después de una caída o una lesión
• dolor, además de estos problemas:

- dificultad para orinar o
- debilidad o
- entumecimiento en las piernas o
- fiebre o
- pérdida de peso sin estar a dieta.

Prevenir el dolor de espalda es más fácil que tratarlo. Cuide su espalda para prevenir el dolor.

- Haga ejercicios de espalda al menos dos o tres veces a la semana.

- Realice siempre estiramiento antes de comenzar cualquier actividad física. 

- Pruebe el yoga, ya que le puede ayudar a estirar y fortalecer los músculos y mejorar su postura.

- Tras un período de inactividad prolongada, comience un programa de ejercicios regulares de bajo impacto: caminar, nadar o la bicicleta estacionaria treinta minutos al día; estos ejercicios pueden aumentar la fuerza muscular y otorgar flexibilidad. 

Pregúntele a su médico de cabecera o especialista, que le anote una lista de ejercicios de bajo impacto adecuado para su edad y que esté diseñado para fortalecer los músculos de la espalda baja y abdominales.

- Mantenga en una buena postura, ya que ésta puede ayudar a prevenir el dolor de espalda.

• Trate de no encorvarse al estar sentado o de pie.

• Siéntese derecho con su espalda contra el respaldo de su silla y los pies apoyados en el suelo; y mantenga las rodillas ligeramente más altas que sus caderas.

• Póngase de pie con la cabeza erguida y los hombros hacia atrás. 
• Levántese correctamente.

• Cuando levante objetos, doble sus piernas, no su espalda: mantenga la espalda recta y doble las rodillas. Si la carga es demasiado pesada para que usted la levante sola, pida ayuda.


- Cuide su peso. Si usted tiene sobrepeso, perder peso le ayudará a poner menos tensión en su espalda. 

- Consuma suficiente calcio. Huesos fuertes pueden ayudar a prevenir la osteoporosis, una de las principales causas del dolor de espalda. Asegúrese de obtener suficiente calcio y vitamina D todos los días.

- Prevenga las lesiones de espalda en el trabajo. Tome medidas para proteger su espalda en el trabajo: lesiones en la espalda, son el tipo más común de accidentes de trabajo.

Pasos de inicio HOY:

• use zapatos cómodos, de tacón bajo

• si usted se sienta en un escritorio para trabajar, asegúrese que su área de trabajo esté configurada para dar soporte a la espalda 

• duerma de costado para reducir cualquier curva en la columna vertebral y siempre hágalo sobre una superficie firme.




La finalidad de esta publicación es ser informativa, no sustituye el consejo de su médico o del profesional de salud en general.

Comentarios (2)

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Comuna Mujer 02-09-2010

Querida Magela, muchas gracias por tu comentario. Ya con saber que a pesar que tu dolencia no tiene cura, nuestra nota ha servido para aliviarla, nos quedamos contentos. Un beso grande y gracias por la confianza.

magela freire 01-09-2010

hola yo sufro de fibromialgia y la espalda y los huesos me duelen mucho la verdad ke este consejo me sirve de mucho ya ke mi enfermedad no tiene cura .muchas gracias

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