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Deporte y mujer

Deporte y mujer
¿Sabes que el ejercicio físico puede alargar tu vida? Cientos de estudios han demostrado en los últimos años que las personas que practican ejercicio físico habitualmente viven más y mejor que quienes no lo hacen. Al parecer, esta filosofía ha calado más en hombres que en mujeres, pero éstas han de saber que la actividad física regular puede reportarles grandes beneficios para su salud.

No se trata de practicar deporte de competición ni de acudir varias horas al gimnasio, sino simplemente de moverse. 'Actividad física' se refiere casi a cualquier movimiento corporal que implique un gasto de energía. Por ejemplo, muchas de las actividades cotidianas: caminar en los trayectos al trabajo, bajarse un par de paradas antes si se utiliza transporte público, subir escaleras en vez de coger el ascensor, bailar, salir a correr, pasear, montar en bicicleta, nadar, jugar con los niños, etc. Bastan treinta minutos diarios.

Beneficios del ejercicio físico

Está comprobado que la actividad física practicada regularmente, esos treinta minutos diarios, reduce las probabilidades de morir prematuramente, fortalece el sistema inmunológico y previene y/o retrasa la aparición de enfermedades, sobre todo, cardiovasculares.

Ayuda también a controlar el sobrepeso y la obesidad; fortalece los músculos y los huesos, aumentando la densidad ósea y previniendo la osteoporosis, y mejora la forma física. Además, aumenta la producción de serotonina en el cerebro, con lo que se consigue agudizar las funciones intelectuales y neutralizar el estrés, puesto que contribuye a liberar tensiones, y, en gran medida, la ansiedad y depresión, mejorando el estado de ánimo y la autoestima.

Otros beneficios

Previene y/o retrasa el desarrollo de la hipertensión arterial y disminuye la tensión arterial en hipertensos.

- Controla el colesterol. 

- Regula la glucemia y disminuye el riesgo de padecer diabetes. 

- Mejora la digestión y la regularidad del ritmo intestinal. 

- Disminuye el riesgo de padecer ciertos tipos de cáncer, como el de mama o colon. 

- Si la actividad física es de intensidad moderada, puede ser beneficiosa para la artrosis. 

- Ayuda a conciliar y mejorar la calidad del sueño.

Durante el embarazo

Sin perder nunca de vista posibles contraindicaciones médicas, también durante el embarazo mantener la costumbre de dedicarle un tiempo a realizar una actividad física puede reportar grandes beneficios a la mujer. 

A corto plazo, el ejercicio puede disminuir los dolores de espalda, el estreñimiento, la hinchazón y la inflamación; aumenta el nivel de energía y bienestar; ayuda a modificar la postura y a tonificar, fortalecer y dar más resistencia a los músculos, mejora el patrón de sueño y protege frente a la diabetes gestacional. 

De cara al momento del parto, una práctica regular de actividad física ayuda a mejorar la capacidad de la mujer para sobrellevar el dolor, disminuye las posibilidades de realizar cesáreas, la recuperación tras el nacimiento del pequeño es más rápida y es más fácil recuperar el peso anterior al embarazo. 

En la menopausia

En términos generales, se puede decir que la mujer vive más años de su vida en el período posterior a la menopausia. También en esta etapa, el ejercicio físico habitual tiene importantes beneficios: ayuda a controlar el aumento de peso y grasa corporal, mejora el estado de ánimo y crea sensación de bienestar, mejora los síntomas de la menopausia y disminuye las probabilidades de desarrollar enfermedades propias de las mujeres en edad avanzada, como enfermedades cardiovasculares, accidentes cerebro-vasculares, osteoporosis, artrosis, incontinencia urinaria, reacciones tóxicas a los medicamentos, dolor crónico, etc. 

En definitiva, en adultos de edad avanzada, disminuye el riesgo de caídas, ayuda a retrasar o prevenir las enfermedades crónicas y aquellas asociadas con el envejecimiento, mejorando su calidad de vida y aumentando su capacidad para vivir de forma independiente.
www.comunamujer.com tiene como finalidad ser informativo, no proporciona consejos de salud, consulte a su médico.

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